Fibre-meshed Textile Electromagnetic Structures

This thesis investigated novel textile electromagnetic structures fabricated by a commercial computerized knitting machine. Different electronics such as elliptical waveguides, slotted waveguide antennas (SWA) and frequency selective surfaces (FSS) working at microwave band had been realized with fully textile materials. Knitted polyester was used as a dielectric and silver embedded yarn was knitted to create conducting patterns. Most of the textile electromagnetic structures in this thesis were the first time proposed to the public. Their performances were studied in both simulation and measurement

Metabolite profiles of ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5 in zebrafish using ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole–time-of-flight MS

AbstractBackgroundIn the present study, metabolite profiles of ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5 from red ginseng or red notoginseng in zebrafish were qualitatively analyzed with ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole–time-of-flight MS, and the possible metabolic were pathways proposed.MethodsAfter exposing to zebrafish for 24 h, we determined the metabolites of ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5. The chromatography was accomplished on UPLC BEH C18 column using a binary gradient elution of 0.1% formic acetonitrile–0.1% formic acid water. The quasimolecular ions of compounds were analyzed in the negative mode. With reference to quasimolecular ions and MS2 spectra, by comparing with reference standards and matching the empirical molecular formula with that of known published compounds, and then the potential structures of metabolites of ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5 were acquired.ResultsFour and seven metabolites of ginsenoside Rk1 and ginsenoside Rg5, respectively, were identified in zebrafish. The mechanisms involved were further deduced to be desugarization, glucuronidation, sulfation, and dehydroxymethylation pathways. Dehydroxylation and loss of C-17 residue were also metabolic pathways of ginsenoside Rg5 in zebrafish.ConclusionLoss of glucose at position C-3 and glucuronidation at position C-12 in zebrafish were regarded as the primary physiological processes of ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5

The Attenuation of Moutan Cortex on Oxidative Stress for Renal Injury in AGEs-Induced Mesangial Cell Dysfunction and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy Rats

Oxidative stress (OS) has been regarded as one of the major pathogeneses of diabetic nephropathy (DN) through damaging kidney which is associated with renal cells dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Moutan Cortex (MC) could protect kidney function against oxidative stress in vitro or in vivo. The compounds in MC extract were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS. High-glucose-fat diet and STZ (30 mg kg−1) were used to induce DN rats model, while 200 μg mL−1 AGEs were for HBZY-1 mesangial cell damage. The treatment with MC could significantly increase the activity of SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and catalase (CAT). However, lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced markedly in vitro or in vivo. Furthermore, MC decreased markedly the levels of blood glucose, serum creatinine, and urine protein in DN rats. Immunohistochemical assay showed that MC downregulated significantly transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF-β2) protein expression in renal tissue. Our data provided evidence to support this fact that MC attenuated OS in AGEs-induced mesangial cell dysfunction and also in high-glucose-fat diet and STZ-induced DN rats

Magnetic phase transitions in the triangular-lattice spin-1 dimer compound K2Ni2(SeO3)3

In our study, we conduct magnetization and heat capacity measurements to investigate field-induced magnetic phase transitions within the newly synthesized compound K2Ni2(SeO3)3, a spin-1 dimer system arranged on a triangular lattice. The Ni-Ni dimers exhibit a ferromagnetic intra-dimer interaction, effectively behaving as an ensemble with a total spin of S=2. In contrast, antiferromagnetic interactions manifest between these dimers on the triangular lattice. The trigonal distortion of the NiO6 octahedra introduces easy-axis magnetic anisotropy, accounting for the distinct magnetic phase diagrams observed when applying c-axis directional and in-plnae magnetic fields. Notably, our investigation unveils a two-step phase transition with the magnetic field aligned with the c direction. We propose that the system at the first transition is from a paramagnetic state to an up-up-down state, characterized by the Z3 lattice-symmetry breaking. Subsequently, a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, involving the breaking of the c-axis spin-rotation symmetry, leads to the formation of the "Y state" at low temperatures. These findings yield valuable insights into the magnetic phase transitions inherent to geometrically frustrated magnetic systems featuring dimer structures.Comment: 10 pages, 11 figure